General estimations propose that 3-5% of the child population worldwide shows different degrees of giftedness for performing of outstanding talents. Giftedness is thought to represent an advantage for social adaptation due to the higher intellectual capabilities over average people. However, several studies show that eminent adults are significantly less than gifted children, suggesting that a great number of talented children are lost. On the other hand, gifted children often show several psychosocial abnormalities such as social isolation (which likely leads to eventual depressive disorders), aggressive behavior (commonly related to incomprehension by close relatives), bullying and a varying degrees of academic performance among other stressors related with scholarly life. Giftedness is frequently confused with some psychopathological alterations; the subsequent medication is a clinical action with unpredictable consequences that may affect the outstanding talents and general mental health of gifted children. These and other biopsychosocial factors make gifted children (and adults) a vulnerable social group. Thus, based on the relatively scarce scientific literature related to giftedness, the content of this book aims to integrate the factors of some of the neurobiological, psychological, social, and educational aspects related to giftedness into common knowledge, and it may also be useful for professionals dedicated to the scientific study and clinical or educational attention of gifted children.
Dr. Ignacio González Burgos is Biologist, Master in Sciences in Cell Biology, and PhD in Biomedical Sciences. He is Senior Researcher and Chief of the Neuroscience Division at the Western Biomedical Research Center of the Mexican Institute of Social Security, in Guadalajara, Jalisco, México. Dr. González-Burgos has published more than 50 original articles and some book chapters, all of these related to the neurochemical and hormonal events involved in the modulation of the synaptic plasticity that underlie the brain organization and behavioral expression of learning and memory. Also, he has been reviewer of papers submitted to publication in some dozens of prestigious international Journals devoted to the study of neurosciences. Dr. González-Burgos is a regular member of the Sociedad Mexicana de Ciencias Fisiológicas, the Academia Mexicana de Ciencias, the Society for Neuroscience, the International Brain Research Organization, the Internacional Society for Developmental Neuroscience, the International Behavioral Neuroscience Society, and the Cajal Club.